BACKGROUND Carbonyl derivatives are mainly formed by direct metal-catalysed oxidation (MCO) attacks on the amino-acid side chains of proline, arginine, lysine and threonine residues. For reasons unknown, only some proteins are prone to carbonylation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS we used mass spectrometry analysis to identify carbonylated sites in: BSA that had undergone in vitro MCO, and 23...

legal and judicial mitigating factors are one of the effective mechanisms for individualization of punishments and persuading offenders to avoid the continuation of the act of crime. these would also prevent the harmful consequences of crime from proliferating, and it help to discover crime and arrest aiders and abettors. the legislature has in different instances specified such legal exemption...